Java program using Increment and Decrement Operators


Increment ++ and Decrement -- Operator as Prefix and Postfix in java

Increment and decrement operators are unary operators that add or subtract one, to or from their operand (an operand is the part of a computer instruction that specifies data that is to be operating on or manipulated and, by extension, the data itself.) respectively. In different programming language(Java, C, C++, Vala, PHP, etc…) the increment operator (++)  increases, the decrement operator (--) decreases the value of the variable(operand) by 1.

let us suppose, num= 10
     using increment operator,
num++;          //Increase value by 1 and the value of num becomes 11
++num;          //Increase value by 1 and the value of num becomes 11
     using decrement operator,
num--;            //Decrease value by 1 and the value of num becomes 9
--num;            //Decrease value by 1 and the value of num becomes 9

It is quite simple till now, But Here is the the main difference which matters a lot when the Operators are used as prefix and postfix.

Working mechanism of prefix and postfix  operators


  • If you use the prefix operator like --num then It decrements the value num by 1 at first and then returns its value.
  • If you use the postfix operator like num-- then It returns its initial value at first and then decrements the value of num by 1.

Demonstration of the prefix and postfix form of the Increment (++) and Decrement (--) operators

  Example of the prefix Increment(++) Operator  and postfix Increment(++)
      
     public class Increment
     {
         public static void main(String []args)
         {
             int num=10; //value assign
        
             //Initially,num = 10. It is increased to 11 then, it is displayed.
             System.out.println("The increased value using prefix = "+ ++num); //output

              //11 is displayed then, num is increased to 12.
             System.out.println("The increased value using postfix = "+num++); //output
          }

      }

  Example of the prefix decrement (--) Operator  and postfix decrement (--)

     public class Decrement
     {
         public static void main(String []args)
         {
             int num=10;//value assign
        
             //Initially,num = 10. It is decreased to 9 then, it is displayed. 
             System.out.println("The decreased value using prefix = "+ --num);//output

              //9 is displayed then, num is decreased to 8.
             System.out.println("The decreased value using postfix = "+num--);//output
          }
      }


  • Output of the prefix Increment(++) Operator  and postfix Increment(++)

                                The increased value using prefix = 11
                                The increased value using postfix = 11
  • Output of the prefix decrement (--) Operator  and postfix decrement (--)

                                The decreased value using prefix = 9

                                The decreased value using postfix = 9

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